Abstract
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This research examined the impacts of Searsia rhemanniana extracts on the progression of the cell cycle and apoptosis in DU145 prostate cancer cells, utilizing Melphalan as a reference chemotherapy drug. Different mechanistic reactions were noted among the extracts. Melphalan caused G2/M arrest and apoptosis, aligning with cytotoxicity mediated by DNA damage. Bark methanolic and leaf aqueous extracts induced significant apoptosis without any cell cycle arrest beforehand, indicating a mechanism that is independent of checkpoints. In comparison, dichloromethane extracts from bark and root induced mitotic (M-phase) arrest, suggesting spindle disruption. The aerial methanolic extract exhibited a Melphalan-like pattern, causing G2 arrest and apoptosis, whereas certain leaf extracts demonstrated minimal effects. In summary, S. rhemanniana exhibits various anticancer effects that are specific to different mechanisms, highlighting its potential as a source of new therapeutic agents for prostate cancer.
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